Enhancement of the spin Seebeck effect owing to bismuth substitution in thermoelectric generators fabricated from LPE Bi-substituted YIG films

Raising the thermoelectric voltage in spin generators is an important subject. We investigated substitution of bismuth for yttrium to increase pumping at paramagnetic metal and ferrimagnetic insulator (PM/FMI) interface, tested bismuth-substituted iron garnet films grown by liquid phase epitaxy. Epitaxial Bi-substituted exhibit large growth-induced magnetic anisotropy perpendicular film surface. This increases damping α FMI; also with increasing Bi content. report rise observed a generator incorporating YIG epitaxy, explain origin based on results FMR measurements.